Pulmonary Mycobacterium kyorinense disease: A case report and review of literature

Rajagopalan Saranathan; Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini; Gomathi Narayanan Sivaramakrishnan; Bhavani K Perumal; Silambuchelvi Kannayan; Bency Joseph; Narendran Gopalan; Luke Elizabeth Hanna

doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_19_94

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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CASE REPORT

Year : 2019 | Volume : 37 | Issue : 1 | Page : 127-131

Pulmonary Mycobacterium kyorinense disease: A case report and review of literature

Rajagopalan Saranathan¹, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini², Gomathi Narayanan Sivaramakrishnan³, Bhavani K Perumal², Silambuchelvi Kannayan³, Bency Joseph², Narendran Gopalan², Luke Elizabeth Hanna¹
¹ Department of HIV, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
² Department of Clinical Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
³ Department of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini
Department of Clinic Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, 1, Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai - 600 031, Tamil Nadu
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_19_94

We report here the first case of pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium kyorinense in a 55-year-old hypertensive woman treated for pulmonary tuberculosis earlier on two occasions. She presented with productive cough, intermittent episode of left-sided chest pain, loss of appetite, low-grade fever, and breathlessness. Sputum cultures revealed non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). She remained persistently symptomatic with sputum cultures positive for acid-fast bacilli even after 6 months of treatment. Hence, a 16SrRNA gene amplification and sequencing were done that revealed M. kyorinense. Based on the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society, she was started on weight-based dosing of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, ethambutol, isoniazid and injection amikacin daily. The patient improved symptomatically and became culture-negative after 3 months of therapy with the above regimen and continued to be culture negative for 12 months of treatment. She continues to remain symptom-free without evidence of any clinical or bacteriological relapse.

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