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| Year : 1999 | Volume
: 17
| Issue : 2 | Page : 66-71 |
Invasive bacterial infection surveillance
K Thomas, MK Lalitha, MC Steinhoff
Department of Medicine Unit II, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore, India
Correspondence Address:
K Thomas
Department of Medicine Unit II, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
ABSTRACT: The epidemiologic characteristics of invasive pneumococcal infections in 6 hospitals in India over 4 years, in patients with suspected pneumonia (3686), pyogenic meningitis (1107), septicemia (257) or localized pus forming lesions (688) were studied. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or other body fluids were cultured and CSF tested for pneumococcal antigens. There were 5798 subjects, among whom 93 percent were children below 12 years. All pneumococcal isolates were serotyped and their antimicrobial susceptibility tested, by standard methods. S.pneumoniae was isolated from blood, sterile body fluids or deep pus in 307 subjects and antigen detected in the CSF in an additional 7 subjects. Overall 70 percent of the isolates belonged to serogroups/types (SGTs) 1,6,19,7,5,15,14,4,16, and 18 in that order of frequency. The most common SGTs in children under 5 were 6,1,19,14,4,5,12,23 and 7. Three hundred and three isolates were susceptible to penicillin and 4 (1.3 percent) showed intermediate resistance. Resistance to cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol was seen in 48 percent and 16 percent, respectively. Invasive pneumococcal disease in an important cause for hospitalization and of death in all groups in India. SGTs 1 and 5 are no longer common in the developed countries, but accounted for 29 percent of disease in our study. One hundred and twenty one Haemophilus influenzae were isolated mostly from children with meningitis (68 percent) and (97 percent) were type b. Four were picked up by the antigen detection test. H.influenzae showed high degree of resistance to ampicillin (41 percent) and chloroamphenicol (55 percent) , thereby necessitating a change in treatment policies.(66-71)
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